Problem Statement

How many non-negative odd integer solutions are there to the equation:

\[x_1 + x_2 + x_3 + x_4 + x_5 + x_6 = 96?\]

The answer is in the form:

\[\binom{n}{k} \quad \text{where} \quad k < \frac{n}{2}\]

Find \(nk\).

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Solution

This is essentially a stars and bars problem, but with a twist — the variables must be odd non-negative integers.

Step 1: Reduce the Problem

We know any odd non-negative integer can be written in the form:

\[x_i = 2k_i + 1 \quad \text{where } k_i \geq 0\]

So, substituting this in for each \(x_i\):

\[x_1 + x_2 + \dots + x_6 = (2k_1 + 1) + (2k_2 + 1) + \dots + (2k_6 + 1) = 2(k_1 + k_2 + \dots + k_6) + 6\]

Set:

\[2(k_1 + \dots + k_6) + 6 = 96 \Rightarrow k_1 + \dots + k_6 = \frac{96 - 6}{2} = 45\]

So now, the problem reduces to:

In how many ways can we write 45 as the sum of 6 non-negative integers?

This is a classic stars and bars problem. The number of non-negative integer solutions to:

\[k_1 + \dots + k_6 = 45\]

is:

\[\binom{45 + 6 - 1}{6 - 1} = \binom{50}{5}\]

Step 2: Extracting \(n\) and \(k\)

We are told the answer is \(\binom{n}{k}\), where \(k < \frac{n}{2}\).

Here, \(\binom{50}{5}\) satisfies that, since \(5 < 25\).
So, \(n = 50\), \(k = 5\), and:

\[nk = 50 \times 5 = 250\]

Final Answer: The number of required solutions are \(\boxed{250}\)


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